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Anti-Revisionism in Chile – Index Page


Anti-Revisionism in Chile

 

Chilean anti-revisionist Marxist-Leninism largely emerged in one organisation in the mid-1960s – the Revolutionary Communist Party (PCR) and its reach and influence has never been replicated by subsequent groups. Domestically it competed with the larger revisionist party and Castroite influenced groups for political influence.

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The Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile was founded on February 16, 1966 in Santiago. It was the fusion of the revolutionary organizations, “Spartacus” and the “Communist Rebel Union”, and individual anti-revisionist ex-militants of the orthodox Communist Party of Chile (PCCh).

  

The fundamental reason for the founding of the PCR was that the leadership of the PCCh had abandoned communism and renounced the fight against the big bourgeoisie, the landowners and imperialism, choosing instead to follow the line of soviet social imperialism that there must be a “peaceful coexistence” with the enemies of the people and that the class struggle must be subordinated to electoral struggles.

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Before 1966, the PCCh revisionists began to suppress the anti-revisionists Marxist-Leninists within the Party, taking action against Marxist education initiatives and banning documents from the Communist Party of China, which was advocating a fundamental discussion for the world communist movement.

  

The militant PCR raised the need for revolution and the construction of an authentic Communist Party in Chile during the 60-70s. PCR propaganda work included the monthly El Pueblo newspaper and magazine Causa Marxista-Leninista, which was published monthly, containing articles on national political analysis, communiqués from popular organizations, interviews, international news and updates on the national liberation war in Vietnam and the people’s war that the Marxist-Leninist Communist Party was carrying out in Colombia at that time.

  

The PCR was active in the building of a presence in the trade union movement and promoted a revolutionary stance in the student struggle. In the Mapuche countryside, the PCR launched the Netuaiñ Mapu, a political organization with which it carried out struggles and conquest of land with Mapuche communities.

  

The disintegration of the Revolutionary Communist Party began in 1972/73 with a split in the Central Committee and a breakaway by militants linked to the mass organisations in the  short-lived Marxist-Leninist Revolutionary Communist Party (PCR-ML)  led by Luis Bernal and Robinsón Rojas.

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The 1973 military coup that overthrew President Salvador Allende was a severe blow to the PCR and all leftist forces. More than 3,000 people were killed in the first months following the coup. More than 200,000 were arrested, or driven into exile, others subject to human rights abuses, their children stolen and 30,000 people disappeared before the dictatorship was finally ended in 1990.

 

Organisations big and small throughout the world commented on the 1973 coup. Pamphlet  after pamphlet and article after article of in-depth analyses devoted to Chile  came from all varieties of the political left, where the minutiae of Allende’s brief tenure were forensically examined. Such analyses conclude with different emphasis that revisionism, reformism and nationalism can only lead the working class into a fascist blind alley.

  

The PCR of Chile initially resisted the overthrow of the Allende government in 1973. However, as a result of the military repression and the fact that the leadership was in exile, the PCR effectively ceased to exist as a party domestically. The PCR dissolved in 1982.

  

The PCR at the international level, fought in the defense of Mao Zedong both against Albania and the revisionism of Deng Xiaoping, participating in the drafting of the declaration of the Revolutionary Internationalist Movement/RIM.

  

When the PCR opposed the anti-Maoist controversy launched by Albania, there was a split in the organisation that resulted in the birth of Accion Protariat [PC-AP] led by Eduardo Artes. Another grouping of militants would later break from PC-AP and refound itself as the Recabarren Communist Organization (OCR) in 1985.

Background Materials on the 1973 Military Coup

Chile: An Attempt at “Historic Compromise”. The Real Story of the Allende Years by Jorge Palacios

Note on... Jorge Palacios Chile: An Attempt at “Historic Compromise”.

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The Tragic Events in Chile – A Lesson for Revolutionaries the World Over by Enver Hoxha

Chile and the Road to Socialism – Lessons of the Pinochet Coup of 1973 by Willi Dickhut

Chile: The Peaceful Road to Slaughter by M. Hickey [from the UK journal The Marxist, No. 24, n.d.)

Chile the Peaceful Road to Counter-revolution by Red Front/the Marxist-Leninist Organization of Britain

Chile, China and diplomatic silence

Chile: The Real Story of the Allende Years Revolutionary Worker, [newspaper of the US Revolutionary Community Party], Vol. 1, No. 20 (September 21, 1979)

Chilean Communist Analyzes Allende Years from Revolution, journal of the US Revolutionary Communist Party, Vol. 4, No. 9 (September 1979)

Did Soviets Cooperate with Chile Coup? by the Revolutionary Communist Youth Brigade (Michigan Daily, October 27, 1979)

Chile: The lesson of the overthrow of Salvador Allende by the US League of Revolutionary Struggle

Reformism – the gateway to fascism by the Chilean Communist Party/Proletarian Action (PC-AP)

The murder of Allende and the End of the Chilean Way to Socialism by Róbinson Rojas Sandford

Take the question of Chile [[Extract] Talk by a member of the Liaison Department of the Communist Party of China to a visiting delegation of the South African journal, IKWEZI July 1979]

Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile (PCR)

Background Materials in English

Notes on the Partido Comunista Revolucionario (PCR)

Statement of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile on the Death of Comrade David Benquis

Statement of the National Executive Committee of the COUSML on the Death of Comrade David Benquis of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile

Message of Condolences from the Party of Labor of Albania to the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile [on the Death of Comrade David Benquis]

In Memoriam: Jorge Palacios (November 3, 1926-May 5, 2014)

David Benquis: “Camarada Velásquez”, Brief outline and evaluation of his revolutionary life by the Union of Communist Revolutionaries (Marxists-Leninists-Maoists)

Background Materials in Spanish

Comunismo rupturista en Chile (1960-1970)

La formación del Partido Comunista Revolucionario: el conflicto soviético y maoísta en Chile (1964-1966)

Primary Materials

Pro-Chinese Wing Advances in Chile (World Outlook, December 13, 1963)

Chilean Revolutionary Communist Party Founded

Political Resolution of First Congress

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All Revolutionaries Should Study and Disseminate Mao Tse-tung’s Thought

Article from Espartaco in defense of Cultural Revolution

Statement on Czechoslovakia

Interview with Chilean Revolutionaries [from World Revolution, published by the US Progressive Labor Party, Vol. 2, No. 2 May-July 1969]

Apply Marxism-Leninism, Mao Tse-Tung’s Thought, To Chile’s Revolutionary practice

Greetings to 9th Congress of the Communist Party of China

Statement on Soviet Intrusion into Chinese territory

Against Sectarianism

Some Experiences in the Struggle against Revisionism

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Facing the reactionary offensive, uniting all the people for the struggle

Message of Greetings to 10th Congress of the Communist Party of China

Manifesto to the Chilean People

A policy to fight imperialism and overthrow the dictatorship

Interview with a delegation of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile (excerpt)

Interview with a leader of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile

Letter from Central Committee of Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile [on the death of Mao]

Speech by the PCR delegate to an International rally in Rome, 1977

Joint Declaration of the Delegations of the Marxist-Leninist Parties of Latin America

We Oppose Defeatism! [A.N.C.H.A., 21, June 1977]

The Second National Conference of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile – Press Communique

Ten Public Resolutions Adopted by the National Conference of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile, May 1977

Open Letter of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile to the Communist Party of China

Against New Aggression by the Jurquet’s Group

Towards a new betrayal of L. Corvalan against the Chilean people

Speech at the Internationalist Meeting in Athens, March 14, 1977

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Political Statement on the “Theory of the Three Worlds”

Powerful Outburst of the Chilean People’s Resistance

Message from the Front Ranks of the Anti-Fascist Resistance in Chile

We Must fight Against the Fascist Clique of Pinochet

Representative of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile Addresses Internationalist Rally, 1978

Joint Declaration of PS(CNR), MAPU, JRR and the RCP of Chile: Strengthen the Support for the Chilean Resistance During the Fifth Year of the Counter-Revolutionary Coup D’Etat

Statement of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile [on the relationship between the Chilean Military Junta and China]

The Chilean People Oppose Fascist Oppression

Chilean Revolutionary in the Belly of the Beast. Jorge Palcios Arrives to Speak in the US

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Evaluation of the Work of Mao Tsetung [published in Revolution, Journal of the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA, Vol. 5, No. 1, January 1980]

Letter from the Chilean PCR and the RCP, USA to ICM Parties and Organizations

Pinochet is Invited to Peking [A.N.C.H.A., #54, May 1980]

Common Declaration of the RCP Chile and MAPU [A.N.C.H.A., #54, May 1980]

Communique from the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile and the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA [published in Revolution, journal of the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA, Vol. 5, No. 4, July 1980]

A call to unite the forces defending Mao. Joint communique from the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile and the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA

May Day Greetings to the Communist Party, USA [published in Revolution, journal of the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA, Vol. 5, No. 4, July 1980]

Chilean Generals Hold Gunpoint Referendum: RCP Chile Urges Active Boycott

Unity to Defeat the Dictatorship [A.N.C.H.A., #56, September 1980]

Basic Principles for the Unity of Marxist-Leninists and for the Line of the International Communist Movement A Draft Position Paper for Discussion Prepared by the Revolutionary Communist Party of Chile and the Revolutionary Communist Party, USA

Some Particularities of Contemporary Pro-Soviet Revisionism [published in A World To Win, issue #1, May 1981]

Condemnation of the Coup in Poland [published in A World To Win, issue #2, May 1982]

Periodicals (in Spanish)

Causa Marxista-Leninista, #27 (Sept.-Nov. 1979)

Causa Marxista-Leninista, #28 (Jan.-March 1980)

Causa Marxista-Leninista, #29 (Sept.-Nov. 1980)

Causa Marxista-Leninista, #30 (March-May 1981)

Causa Marxista-Leninista, #31 (June-July-August 1982)


Communist Party/Proletarian Action (PC-AP)

Background Materials

Notes on... Communist Party/Proletarian Action (PC-AP)

Primary Materials

Eduardo Artés, Communist Pre-Candidate for the Presidency of the Republic

Salvador Allende: One Hundred Years Since His Birth

The 35 Years Since the Fascist Military Coup of 1973

Statement of Eduardo Artés, First Secretary of the Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action) at a Meeting in commemoration of the 66th Anniversary of the Victory over Nazi-Fascism.


Recabarren Communist Organization (OCR)

Background Materials

Notes on... Recabarren Communist Organization (OCR)

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Primary Materials

The Chilean Revolution – a problem to be solved

“What do we want?”

Fight for democracy

Celebration of the Second Anniversary of the OCR

Why did the USSR Fail?

On the Policy to Follow in Today’s Period of Class Struggle in Chile

The Neo-Revisionism of the PC-AP

40 Years after the fall of the Popular Unity government

Juche – The New Catercism of the Lord Artes

The Revolutionary Communist Party


Unión de Revolucionarios Comunistas (MLM)

Background Materials

Notes on... Union of Revolutionary Communists (Marxists-Leninists-Maoists)

Primary Materials

In Nepal a great revisionist betrayal has been consumed

Revisionism, main danger for the victory of the Chilean Democratic Revolution

Allende and Popular Unity: the class character of “people's government”

David Benquis/“Camarada Velásquez”, Brief outline and evaluation of his revolutionary life

To return to Recabarren is to defend Marxism

On the Class Struggle, the State, and the Role of Violence in History by Juan Segundo Leiva


Communist Party of Chile

Background Materials

Notes on... the Communist Party of Chile

Primary Materials

Unleash the two line struggle in the international communist movement, against revisionism and opportunism!

Initiate and develop more popular wars promoting the reconstitution of the commnist parties and crushing revisionism

To combatively finish the first stage of the reconstitution of the Communist Party of Chile as part of the bold advance of the communists in the world!

Against the new international order, develop the world proletarian revolution, crushing revisionism of all kinds!!

Allende does not represent the interests of the people

Joint Declaration of the Latin American Conference in Chile