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First All-Russia Conference of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies

See: All-Russian Conference of Soviets: First Conference

First All-Russia Congress of Peasant Deputies

Was held in Petrograd from May 4 to 28 (May 17 to June 10), 1917. It was attended by 1,115 delegates from the gubernias and army units. The Bolsheviks, who took an active part in its deliberations, exposed the imperialist policies of the bourgeois Provisional Government and the Menshevik and S.R. policy of compromise. Lenin spoke on the agrarian question. He insisted on immediate confiscation of the landed estates, to be transferred to peasant committees, and on nationalisation of all the lands in Russia. S.R. domination at the Congress left its imprint on the resolutions adopted. The Congress approved the Provisional Government's policy and the entry of "socialists" into the government. It declared for war "to a victorious conclusion " and for an offensive at the front, then in preparation. It pronounced itself against the immediate transfer of the landed estates to the peasants, and put off decision on the land question pending convocation of the Constituent Assembly.

First All-Russia Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies

See: All-Russian Congress of Soviets: First Congress

First Coalition Government (Russia)

The first coalition government was formed on May 5 (18), 1917, and its composition announced in the press the following day. Along with representatives of the bourgeoisie, it included the Socialist-Revolutionaries Kerensky and Chernov, Pereverzev, who was close to the S.R.s, the Mensheviks Skobelev and Tsereteli; and the Popular Socialist Peshekhonov.

Fifteenth Congress of the C.P.S.U.

See: Congress of the Communist Party: Fifteenth Congress