Lenin Internet Archive: Biography: Timeline


Timeline of V.I. Lenin



Note that the Julian Calendar, or “Old Style,” was used in Russia until the adoption of
the modern Gregorian Calendar, or “New Style,” by the Soviet Government on February 1, 1918.

 

“Old Style” (“New Style”)  
1870 April 10 (22) Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin) born in Simbirsk
1886 January 12 (24) Death of Vladimir’s father.
1887 May 8 (20) Vladimir’s older brother Alexander executed for conspiring to execute the Czar.
1887 August 13 (25) Vladimir Ilyich enrolls in Kazan University. In December he is arrested for participating in student protests and is expelled.
1888-89 Vladimir Ilyich studies the literature of the earlier generations of Russian revolutionaries and begins to study law. Resides in Kazan and Samara.
1892 July 23 (August 4) Gains license to practice law.
1893 Becomes active in Marxist study group. Moves to St. Petersburg on August 31 (September 12).
1895 Journeys to Europe to meet European and exiled Russian revolutionaries.
1895 Plans to publish Rabochye Delo, an illegal newspaper, but is arrested in St. Petersburg on December 8 (20).
1895 Autumn (Autumn) League of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class is founded in St. Petersburg, with Vladimir Ilyich a member.
1896 Vladimir Ilyich held by authorities for the entire year.
1897 January 29 (February 10) Vladimir Ilyich is exiled to Shushenskoye in Siberia.
1898 March (March) Founding Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP) in Minsk.
1898 July 10 (22) Marriage of Vladimir Ilyich to N.K. Krupskaya.
1899 March 24-31 (April 5-12) Publication of Vladimir Ilyich’s book, The Development of Capitalism in Russia.
1900 January 29 (February 10) Siberian exile ends. Vladimir Ilyich settles in Pskov.
1900 July 16 (29) Vladimir Ilyich leaves Russia for Europe to begin publishing activities. Settles in Munich in September.
1900 December 11 (December 24) First issue of Vladimir Ilyich’s paper, Iskra.
1901 May (May) Krupskaya rejoins Vladimir Ilyich abroad after completing her term of exile in Ufa.
1901 December (December) Uses the pseudonym “Lenin” for the first time.
1902 March (March) Lenin publishes the famous What is to be Done?.
1903 April (April) Lenin moves to London after a brief residence in Geneva.
1903 July 17 - August 10 (July 30 - August 23) Second Congress of the RSDLP is held. Party splits into Bolshevik and Menshevik factions. Lenin is separated from Iskra.
1905 January (January) Lenin begins publishing a new paper, Vyperod.
1905 January 9 (22) Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg. Revolution of 1905 begins.
1905 April 12-27 (April 25 - May 10) Third Congress of the RSDLP. Mensheviks do not attend.
1905 June - July (June - July) Lenin composes Two Tactics of Social Democracy in the Democratic Revolution.
1905 November (November) Lenin returns to St. Petersburg after government amnesties political exiles and prisoners.
1906 April 10-25 (April 23 - May 8) Fourth Congress of the RSDLP. Mensheviks participate. Lenin elected to Presidium.
1907 January (January) Lenin moves to Finland for security purposes.
1907 August (August) Stuttgart Congress of the Socialist International. Lenin attends.
1908 January 7 (20) Lenin settles in Geneva.
1908 October (October) Lenin completes his book, Materialism and Empiriocriticism.
1908 November (December) Lenin moves to Paris.
1908 December 21-27 (January 3-9, 1909) Fifth Congress of the RSDLP. Lenin again elected to Presidium.
1909 Spring (Spring) Lenin meets Inessa Armand.
1910 August (August) Lenin meets the writer Maxim Gorky in Italy. Attends the Copenhagen Conference of the Second International.
1911 Summer (Summer) Lenin directs Party school near Paris.
1912 January 5-17 (18-30) Prague Conference. Bolsheviks establish themselves as a de facto autonomous political party.
1912 April (April) First issue of Pravda, published in Russia.
1914 July 18 (August 1) Germany declares war on Russia. WWI begins.
1914 August (August) Lenin is forced to leave Russia, and emmigrates to Berne, Switzerland.
1915 August 23-26 (September 5-8) Zimmerwald Conference of anti-war Socialists. Lenin attends.
1916 January - June (January - June) Lenin writes Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism.
1916 February (February) Moves to Zurich.
1916 April 11-17 (24-30) Second “Zimmerwald Conference”, held at Kienthal. Lenin a participant.
1917 February 27 (March 12) Czar Nicholas II abdicates. Provisional Government is formed in Russia.
1917 April 3 (16) Lenin and his party arrive in Petrograd after transiting Germany in a sealed train.
1917 April 4 (17) Lenin publishes the April Theses, calling for the overthrow of the provisional government and redefining Bolshevik tactics.
1917 April (May) Seventh Congress of the RSDLP (Bolsheviks) in Petrograd. Lenin takes a prominent role.
1917 May 21 - June 1 (June 3 - 14) First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers and Soldiers.
1917 July (July) Uprising known as the “July Days”.
1917 July (July) Lenin is forced into hiding; escapes to Finland.
1917 July 26 - August 3 (August 8-16) Sixth Congress of the RSDLP. Lenin guided the congress from underground, taking part in drafting the most important resolutions of the congress. The congress unanimously elected Lenin its honorary chairman.
1917 September (September) Lenin argues for a new uprising.
1917 mid-October (mid-October) Lenin returns to Petrograd secretly from Finland, and pushes for an immediate insurrection despite strong opposition within the Party.
1917 October 25 (November 7) The Soviet government is formed, with Lenin as Chairman.
1918 January 16 (29) Lenin dissolves Constituent Assembly
1918      — March 3 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ends hostilities with Germany.
1918      — March 10 Lenin and the Soviet Government move to Moscow.
1918      — August 30 Fanny Kaplan attempts assassination of Lenin. Lenin wounded.
1919      — March 2-6 Communist International (Comintern) is founded.
1920      — October Inessa Armand dies.
1921      — February 23 - March 17 Kronstadt uprising against the Soviet Government.
1921      — March 17 Tenth Party Congress. New Economic Policy (NEP) is begun.
1922      — May 26 Lenin suffers his first stroke.
1922      — November 20 Lenin’s last public speech.
1922      — December 15 Lenin suffers his second stroke.
1922      — December 24 Politburo orders that Lenin be kept in isolation.
1922      — December 30 Formal establishment of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).
1922-23      — December - January Lenin composes several letters into what became known as his Last Testament.
1923      — March 2 Lenin writes his last document; Better Fewer, But Better, on the reorganisation and reduction in size of the Soviet government.
1923      — March 9 Lenin suffers his third stroke. No longer able to speak.
1923      — May 12 Lenin removed to a Party sanitorium at Gorki.
1924      — January 21 Lenin dies from fourth stroke.